The Hebrew Diaspora - 998 Words

The Jews faced a long history of persecution and racism. Envy, greed, and thirst for power caused groups such as the Assyrians, Babylonians, and Romans (to name a few) to persecute, exile, and threaten the existence of the Hebrew community. The Diaspora was definitely not a single event taking place over the course of one night, it was rather a series of dispersals by varying groups of people continuing up to the present time. The Diaspora resulted in the spread of the Hebrew population along with their culture and beliefs, which ultimately strengthened the Hebrew community. The Hebrew Diaspora was a forced movement of Hebrews as a direct result of racial prejudice and anti-Semitic movements, ultimately resulting in the spread of the†¦show more content†¦This occurred to concentrate the various skills of the Jewish in separate arenas and to use these individually skilled communities for the benefit of the Babylonians. For example, as previously mentioned the most skilled and elite Jews were dispersed to Babylon—the heart of the Babylonian empire. Thus, the better trained and more adept a Jew was, the more opportunity the Jew had to serve for empire in higher ranks solely to meet the needs of the empire and its rulers. This helped the empires exiling the Jews to prosper, but unfortunately created rifts and gaps within the Hebrew community. This pattern of dispersion, which was developed by the Babylonians and used by the Romans to scatter the Jews, allowed for these dominant empires to prosper, however, limited the interaction within the Hebrew community and resulted in the diminishing originality and novelty of the skilled Jews. Despite the use of the uniform dispersion pattern based on the occupations of the Jews, the reason why Jews were exiled and dispersed varied depending on the imposing empire of the time, which performed these actions. The Hebrew Diaspora was caused by different factors depending on the group exiling the Hebrews. In other words, the reason for dispersing the Hebrews depended on the context of time, circumstance, and those carrying out the exile. The Assyrians and Babylonians dispersed the Hebrew community in the early sixth centuryShow MoreRelatedThe Study of Hebrew Diaspora1669 Words   |  7 Pagesclassic example of diaspora, the Hebrew Diaspora is studied and questioned by many. Both the causes of and the consequences of the Hebrew Diaspora are two aspects of the event that, for most, have yet to be sufficiently answered. Having occurred many centuries ago in the past, the causes and consequences of the diaspora may seem to be of no importance, yet at second glance, one realizes that addressing these topics may be the key to accurately determining the modern effects of diaspora in general. HoweverRead MoreSocial Implications and Consequences of the Hebrew Diaspora1576 Words   |  6 Pages The reason for consequences for the Hebrew diaspora vary in 3 different main points. The first main point is social implications or what does everyone think. The second main point is the consequences in the Hebrew diaspora and the last point is the benefits of the Hebrew diaspora. When I chose my question I had to choose something that was interesting to me. Now not too many things interest me but I was able to find something that helped. History has shown us a lot of things and also teaches aRead MoreFactors of the Jewish Dispersion715 Words   |  3 PagesThe destination of the Jewish dispersion varied especially based on the occupations of the Jews. The actual Diaspora really took place when thousands of Hebrew elites and craftsmen were deported and dispersed to Babylon. This occurred to concentrate the various skills of the Jewish in separate arenas and to use these individually skilled communities for the benefit of the Babylonians. For example, as previously mentioned the most skilled and elite Jews were dispersed to Babylon—the heart of the BabylonianRead MoreThe First Jewish Diaspora1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe word Diaspora in Greek means dispersion. The Jewish Diaspora had three main periods to it: the Babylonian exile, the Hellenistic disp ersion, and the Roman War (R. Sands, 1). The Jewish Diaspora began in 586 BCE when the Jews were deported from their motherland, Judea, as a result of shifts of power and war (R. Sands, 1). After this came the Hellenistic part of the Diaspora which was the voluntary movement of the Jews. In the Roman War, Jews were again forced to leave their homeland after theRead MoreThe Transformation Of Hebrews During Ancient Jewish900 Words   |  4 PagesThe Transformation of Hebrews during Ancient Jewish Throughout modern history, Judaism has been recognized as one of the most influential religions in Western Civilization. However, to reach the complexity and structure that Judaism has today, the Hebrews had to endure several periods and turning points in history. During the 1500 years after 1200 BCE, â€Å"numerous vast empires rose and fall around and over them (Hebrews)†, as they made their transformation into Jews (Pavlac, 45). During these phasesRead MoreJudaism : The Religious Life Of Israel1590 Words   |  7 Pagesasserts that both the The Torah, which is the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, and the Oral Torah, which is the interpretive Talmud are authoritative regarding observance and Jewish doctrine, instructing modern Orthodox Jews to maintain and support ancient Jewish law. The word Judaism derives from Judah, one of Jacob the patriarch’s, sons. The descendants of ten of Jacob s sons plus two of his grandsons made the two tribes of Hebrews who emigrated from Egypt. There are three main branches of JudaismRead MoreDiaspor Jews Amidst Greeks And Romans1463 Words   |  6 PagesDiaspora: Jews amidst Greeks and Romans by Erich S. Gruen describes Jewish life during the Diaspora and the positive things that emerged from the period. Erich Gruen was a full-time professor at University of California at Berkeley, Harvard University, University of Colorado at Boulder, and Cornell University. Gruen has also done immense research about the classic antiquity era and has penned several books about Hellenism, Judaism in the classic world, and the Roman Republic period. Jews are oftenRead MoreDr. Leon Pinsker s Life1609 Words   |  7 Pagesnot everybody speaks Hebrew. Religion is at the heart of our civilization. Additionally, he adds that we have Jewish art, we have philosophy and we have many more examples of what brings our civilization together . It is this shared past of history and mythology that brings us as a people together. An example would be our exodus from Egypt - this common theme brings us together at Passover. Additionally, we share an original language - Hebrew. Although we do not all speak Hebrew we know it is our spokenRead MoreThe Israelites Still Family After Generations1506 Words   |  7 PagesSources (J) as a derivative form the German language, and (E) the â€Å"Elohistic Source derived from the divine name Elohim, which means ‘god’ in Hebrew† (Carr Pg. 165). The mystery of this name was often considered so sacred or revered that it would be written only with the consonants YHWH. Most translations refer to this as YAHWEH or Lord, for which the Hebrew word is Adonai, a divine title generally substituted for YHWH when the Bible is read aloud (New Oxford Bible, pg. 2269). What is apparent isR ead MoreThe Siege Of Jerusalem And Post War Diaspora1380 Words   |  6 Pagespost war Diaspora directly influenced the Jewish communities in the modern era. The Jewish community got used to having no place to settle thus, the Diaspora was created. Thousands of the Jews in the Roman Empire, after the revolts and the destruction of the temple, were sent to toil in the Egyptian mines, and others were sent throughout the Roman Empire (Eyewitnesstohistory.com). That was the beginning of the diaspora that Jews would know today as life. There were a lot more Diasporas in Jewish

The Flag The Stars And Stripes, American Flag, By Yasmin...

Every country has icons that specify objects that represent beliefs, values, or tradition that make that country unique. As the United States of America has many such as, Statue of Liberty and the American Flag. Yasmin Sabina Khan shows in her book Enlightening the World: The Creation of the Statue of Liberty† why the Statue of Liberty was built, how each part of the statue describes everything and how it represents U.S today. In â€Å"Capture The Flag: The Stars And Stripes In American History†, Scot M Guenter talks about how the American flag is seen everywhere and how the flag has remained strong throughout many incidents. In the Barbara Kingsolver essay â€Å"And Our Flag Was Still There†, she writes about the meaning of the American flag and how it represents our country in different ways. And at last, Dave Barry shows us in his â€Å"Red, White and Beer†, the strong effects that patriotism can have on the sales and advertising of products. All of thes e icons that we have in America today are representing America very well; therefore, there is no need of new icons to be erected. The relationship between two nations helps in certain ways. Much like in American and French people, a friend of America from France name Edouard-Rene Lefebvre de laboulaye, visualized a monument to liberty. Laboulaye gifted the monument to honor the work of late president Abraham Lincoln and to celebrate hundred years of America as a nation. â€Å"This statue of national yet universal meaning would celebrate

Photosynthesis and respiration rules outline Free Essays

Each small group has to designate a leader. Each small group has to choose 1 topic project and develop a † poem † , which is the lyrics, and a song. The song must be presented as a video song. We will write a custom essay sample on Photosynthesis and respiration rules outline or any similar topic only for you Order Now This video song should be educational and teaching, so it is preferable to include singing and lyrics with images or animations explaining and describing each topic project. This video song should last not more than 6 minutes and not less than 3 minutes. Any other characteristic of the video is up to the risk of each small group and the ours. The physical poem and the video song should be hands-in during the week 12-16 of January, in the first 2 days of that week for grading. These grades will be average with other 2 grades (further explained) and count for the sixth partial in individual glasswork (Item 2) and group work (item 3). The course (entire class) has to present 2 works that count as grade. One work is a Prize presentation in which all the 6 topic projects are synthesized as a mental map diagram, without losing the objective of being educational and teaching. The information source is the Duskier Book. This Prize must be hands-in on the first 2 days of the week 12-16 of January for grading. This grade will be average with the poem and video song grades, as mentioned before. The other course work is/are the model (macaque) or mini-models and/or lab experiment or mini-lab experiments that should explain, describe, and illustrate all the 6 topic projects. These model(s) and/or lab experiment(s) must be presented in the first 2 days of the week 12-16 of January for grading. This grade will be average with the poem and video song grades, as mentioned before. GRADING A) There are 4 works (2 small group work and 2 course work) and 4 grades that will be input directly into item 2 (individual glasswork) and item 3 (group work) for the sixth partial (January). The grade is individually computed, even though all works will be done in groups. B) If a small group work is done outstandingly, although the course did not win the first place in the project, I (the Biology teacher) will decide to add the grade of the small group, but individually, to item 5 (summarize), too. C) On the week 12-16 of January, there will be (date and place not yet designated although it will eventually be) he presentation and contest of all five Baccalaureate Biology Projects and the course with highest punctuation will win the project contest. The winner, all the students, will be granted 10 in item 1, item 2, item 4, and item 5, except item 3 (Evaluations) that will be a quiz taken during weeks 5-16 about photosynthesis and respiration. This is the highest motivation a course should be focused on. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION All works should be educational, teaching, and motivational. All students should be involved in any task (one or more than one). If determine that any dent has not done nor participated directly in any task, even if the course win the first place project, I will overrule that decision and all the students of the wining course will be granted just the grade each student got initially (check grading point A). If one course is eliminated, as it is mentioned above, the second course or the next course (in case of more than one elimination) with the highest punctuation will be declared winner of the contest and granted a grade of 10, as it is mentioned in grading point C. The punctuation to declare the winner of the Biology Project Contest will come from the scrutiny of screening questions using indicators (values) to students, teachers, other staff members, authorities, and visitors that will like to fill-in this survey. The Biology teacher and respective students of I Baccalaureate will not be allowed to fill-in this survey. During the presentation and exhibition Of the five Biology projects of Baccalaureate, the designated students of each course should be available and ready to respond to any question regarding to the following subjects and parameters: Language and Literature. Explain and describe briefly the characteristics of the poem: its genre and/or submerge, TTS rhyme, its metric, its rhythm, its figurative language (if possible). Music and Arts. Explain and describe briefly the characteristics of the music and video song: musical genre; social and/or historical context of the song or the genre; tune; harmony; rhythm; lyrics-notes and syllables; timbre; choir and choruses. Computing (InformAttica). Explain and describe briefly the characteristics of Prize presentation: characteristics; functions; advantages and disadvantages. TOOK. Biological processes and chemical pathways are usually very complex. When scientists attempt to explain these complex reactions, they usually reek them down into smaller, intermediate steps. These intermediate steps are then carefully researched and imitated (for example models and experiments). The hope is that eventually an understanding of the complex process is obtained. Is this manner of understanding complex concepts always successful? What are some of the limitations of this approach? TOOK: Are aerobic reactions a better adaptations to most cells and living organism than anaerobic reactions? Challenge this hypothesis using the Hempen’ s Raven Paradox and/or Popper s falsifications. How to cite Photosynthesis and respiration rules outline, Papers

Decision Analysis Company Pfeiffer Manages

Question: Discuss about the Decision Analysis for Company Pfeiffer Manages. Answer: Given, the company Pfeiffer manages approximately $15 M for clients. The client can choose between growth stock fund, income fund and money market fund or a mix of the three investments. Each client has an investment objective and tolerance for risk. The company invests in each of the three funds based on the portfolio risk index. The yield of growth stock fund, income fund and money market fund are 20%, 10% and 6% respectively. For client Hartmann, portfolio risk index = 0.05 and minimum investment in growth stock fund, income fund and money market fund must be 10% , 10% and 20% respectively. The total amount available for investment = 300000. Let X1, X2 and X3 be the investment in growth stock fund, income fund and money market fund respectively. Objective: Maximize yield: 20% * X1 + 10% * X2 + 6% * X3 s.t. Fund Constraint: X1 + X2 + X3 = 300000 Risk Constraint: 0.1* X1 + 0.05* X2 + 0.01* X3 = 0.05 Growth stock fund constraint: X1/ (X1 + X2 + X3) = 10 % , Income fund and constraint: X2/ (X1 + X2 + X3) = 10 % , Money market fund X3/ (X1 + X2 + X3) = 20 % , X1, X2 and X3 = 0 (Vanderbei, 2005) Solving the linear program developed in excel we get, X1 = 120000 X2 = 30000 X3 = 150000 Thus objective function = 20%* 120000 + 10%* 30000 + 6%* 150000 = 36000 Mr. Hartmann can earn 36000 with his investment of 300000 if the company uses linear program and optimally allocates the fund. To find the range of yield, the company will not modify portfolio. Using the sensitivity report generated in excel, we get, Allowance increase for growth fund = 0.4, Allowance decrease for growth fund = 0.05, Thus range of Yield of growth fund = (0.2 0.05 = 0.15) to (0.2 + 0.4 = 0.6) Similarly, Allowance increase for income fund = 0.022, Allowance decrease for income fund = e^30, Thus range of Yield of income fund = 0 to 0.122 Allowance increase for monetary fund = 0.14, Allowance decrease for monetary fund = 0.04 Thus range of Yield of monetary fund = 0.02 to 0.2 In this range of yield, the company will not modify portfolio To find if Hartmanns portfolio risk increases to 0.06 from 0.05, what will be the increase in the yield. We can use shadow price of portfolio risk. Shadow price of a constraint is defined as the increase in objective function for unit increase in constraint limit. Using the sensitivity report generated in excel, we get, shadow price of portfolio Risk = 466666.67. If the risk of the portfolio increases to 0.06, the additional benefit to the objective function = 0.0 1* 466666.67 = 4666.67 If the growth fund yield decreases to 10%, the objective function will change to New Objective function : Maximize yield: 10% * X1 + 10% * X2 + 6% * X3 Fund Constraint: X1 + X2 + X3 = 300000 Risk Constraint: 0.1* X1 + 0.05* X2 + 0.01* X3 = 0.05 Growth stock fund constraint: X1/ (X1 + X2 + X3) = 10 % , Income fund and constraint: X2/ (X1 + X2 + X3) = 10 % , Money market fund X3/ (X1 + X2 + X3) = 20 % , X1, X2 and X3 = 0 (Vanderbei, 2005) Thus solving the above linear program in excel, we get X1 = 48000 X2 = 192000 X3 = 60000 Thus objective function = 10% * 48000+ 10% * 192000 + 6% * 60000 = 27600 To manage the portfolio of each client the company must have the information about the risk index of each client and the amount they have. Using these two input parameters and the yield of the three funds, the portfolio can be designed. The company can use linear programming to determine the modification each week for all the clients. The company can take weighted average of the total portfolio risk for the 50 clients and based on the risk obtained, allocate funds as solved by the linear programming. After the yield is obtained, the company can provide return to each of the clients based on the amount they invested and their portfolio risk. 2: Given, the company can produces Product 1 and product 2. The profit of the Product 1 and product 2 are 30 and 15 respectively. The products have to pass through three departments A. B, C and the total labor hours available for each department is fixed. Product 1 takes 1, 0.3, 0.2 labor hours in the departments A, B, and C whereas Product 2 takes 0.35, 0.2, 0.5 labor hours the departments A, B, and C. The company wants to find the amount of Product 1 and product 2 that has to be produced to maximize its profit Let the quantity of Product 1 and product 2 be X1 and X2 respectively. Thus Objective function: Max 30 X1 + 15 X2 s.t. Labor Constraint: Department A: X1 + 0.35 X2 = 100 Department B: 0.3 X1 + 0.2 X2 = 36 Department C: 0.2 X1 + 0.5 X2 = 50 X1, X2 = 0 and are integers (Solow, 2014) Thus solving the linear program in excel, we get, X1 = 78, X2 = 62. Thus, No. of units of Product 1 to be produced = 78, No. of units of Product 2 to be produced = 62 Objective function = 30 * 78 + 15 * 62 = 3270 The company wants to find out which department should be scheduled for overtime. This can be found using the shadow price of labor hours in each department. Using the sensitivity report generated in excel, we get, shadow price of Department A = 15, shadow price of Department B = 47 and shadow price of Department C = 0. Thus increasing labor hours of department B by 1 unit will increase objective by 47 while increasing labor hours of department A will increase objective by 15. So we should increase the labor hours of department B. The price the company should be willing to pay for the overtime should be less than $47. Given overtime cost of the three departments A, B and C is 18, 22.5 and 12 respectively. The maximum overtime that can be scheduled in the three departments A, B and C is 10, 8, 6 hours respectively. Let Y1, Y2 and Y3 be the overtime labor hours of department A, B and C respectively Thus the objective function will be Max 30X1 + 15 X2 18 * Y1 - 22.5 * Y2 12 * Y3 Labor Constraint: Department A: X1 + 0.35 X2 = 100 + Y1 Department B: 0.3 X1 + 0.2 X2 = 36 + Y2 Department C: 0.2 X1 + 0.5 X2 = 50 + Y3 Overtime constraint Y1 = 10 Y2 = 6 Y3 = 8 X1, X2 = 0 and are integers (Solow, 2014) Solving it we get X1 = 87, X2 = 65. Y1 = 10 Y2 = 4 Y3 = 0 Thus, No. of units of Product 1 to be produced = 87, No. of units of Product 2 to be produced = 65. Overtime hours in department A = 10 Overtime hours in department B = 4 Overtime hours in department C = 0 Thus Objective function = 30 * 87 + 15 * 65 -10 * 18 - 22.5 * 4 0 = 3315 Increase in profit due to overtime = 3315 3270 = 45 3. Given, the two river oil company supplies oil to southern Ohio and has a budget of $600000. The company can purchase super tanker, regular line and econo tanker. Each of the three tankers has different capacity and cost. The monthly operating cost of Super tanker, regular line and econo tanker are 550, 425 and 350 respectively. The company wants to optimize the monthly operating cost. Let X1, X2 and X3 be the number of super tanker, regular line and econo tanker respectively. The objective function is to Minimize 550 * X1 + 425 * X2 + 350 * X3 s.t. Fund Constraint: 67000 * X1 + 55000 * X2 + 46000 * X3 = 600000 Demand Constraint: 5000 * 15 * X1 + 2500 * 20 * X2 + 1000 * 25 * X3 = 550000 Driver constraint: (X1 + X2 + X3) = 15 Econo constraint: X3 = 3 Super tanker constraint: X1 = 0.5 * (X1 + X2 + X3) X1, X2 and X3 = 0 and are integers (Ferguson, 2011) Thus solving using excel we get, X1 = 5 X2 = 2 X3 = 3 The company will purchase 5 Super tanker, 2 regular line and 3 econo tanker. Thus Objective function = 550 * 5 + 425 * 2 + 350 * 3 = 4650 If the Econo constraint and Super tanker constraint are removed, we get, The objective function is to Minimize 550 * X1 + 425 * X2 + 350 * X3 s.t. Fund Constraint: 67000 * X1 + 55000 * X2 + 46000 * X3 = 600000 Demand Constraint: 5000 * 15 * X1 + 2500 * 20 * X2 + 1000 * 25 * X3 = 550000 Driver constraint: (X1 + X2 + X3) = 15 X1, X2 and X3 = 0 and are integers (Ferguson, 2011) Thus, solving the linear program using excel we get, X1 = 6 X2 = 2 X3 = 0 The company will purchase 6 Super tanker, 2 regular line and no econo tanker. Thus Objective function = 550 * 6 + 425 * 2 + 350 * 0 = 4150 4. Given, Star Power company has 60kWh battery. The company can buy and sell power and the prices are forecasted for the next 10 periods. The company can buy or sell 20kWh per period. To find the period when the company should sell and when it should purchase so that the profit is maximized. The company can buy or sell 20kWh per period. Let 1 charge unit be defined as 20kWh. Thus the company has 3 charge units as the battery is fully charged. (1 unit = 20 kWh). The locational marginal prices per kWh are given. Thus LMP per unit can be obtained by multiplying with 20. Let S1, S2., S10 be the units sold in period 1, 2, ..10 and P1, P2., P10 be the units purchased in period 1, 2, .., 10. Thus net sale in a period i = Si Pi. Charge left in battery at the end of period i = Charge left in period (i-1) Net Sales in period i Charge left in battery at the end of period 1 = 3 units - Net Sales in period 1 Objective: Max (LMPi* Net Salei) Constraints: Charge left in battery at the end of period i = 0 Charge left in battery at the end of period i = 3 Where Si and Pi can take values 0 or 1 for i = 1, 2, .., 10 Thus solving the linear program using excel, we get Time period Sell Buy Net Sales 1 0 0 0 2 1 0 1 3 0 1 -1 4 1 0 1 5 0 1 -1 6 1 0 1 7 1 0 1 8 0 1 -1 9 1 0 1 10 1 0 1 Thus in the period 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10 the company should sell the power and in the period 3, 5, 8 it should buy the power. Thus Profit earned by the company = (27 + 25 + 29 + 24 + 61 + 66)* 20 (2 + 22 + 20)* 20 = 3760. If the battery should have full power at the end of the 10th time period, then constraint Charge left in battery at the end of period 10 = 3 Charge left in battery at the end of period 10 = 0 will change to Charge left in period 10 = 3 Solving the linear program using excel, we get Time Period Sell Buy Net 1 0 0 0 2 1 0 1 3 0 1 -1 4 1 0 1 5 0 1 -1 6 1 0 1 7 0 0 0 8 0 1 -1 9 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 Thus in the period 2, 4, 6, the company should sell the power and in the period 3, 5, 8 it should buy the power. Thus Profit earned by the company = (27 + 25 + 29)* 20 (2 + 22 + 20)* 20 = 740 Varying the charge left in the battery at the end of the 10th period, from 0 to 60 kWh by 10 kWh, we get, Charge left at the end Profit 0 3760 10 3520 20 3280 30 2670 40 2060 50 1400 60 740 The graph of profit is given below The company should have 20 kWh at the end of the time period as the rate of increase in profit is slower at the 0 and 10kWh. Thus the ending battery level of 20 will allow the company to sell power if the price is too high and buy if the price is too low. 5. Given, Tri County utilities supplies natural gas from Sothern gas and North west gas to Hamilton, Butler and Clermont. The company wants to minimize the total distribution cost it incurs. The network diagram is given below The linear program model is given below Let X1s, X2s, X3s are the units of gasoline transferred from Southern Gas to Hamilton, Butler and Clermont respectively and X1n, X2n, X3n are the units of gasoline transferred from Southern Gas to Hamilton, Butler and Clermont respectively. Objective: Minimize 10 * X1s + 20 * X2s + 15 * X3s + 12 * X1n + 15 * X2n+ 18 * X3n Demand Constraint: Hamilton: X1s + X1n = 400 Butler: X2s + X2n = 200 Clermont: X3s + X3n = 300 Supply Constraint Southern Gas: X1s + X2s + X3s = 500 Northwest Gas: X1n + X2n + X3n = 400 Solving the linear program in excel we get, X1s = 200 units (From southern gas to Hamilton) X2s = 0 units (From southern gas to Butler) X3s = 300 units (From southern gas to Clermont) X1n = 200 units (From southern gas to Hamilton) X2n = 200 units (From southern gas to Butler) X3n = 0 units (From southern gas to Clermont) Thus total cost = 11900 From the sensitivity report obtained from excel, we get, the shadow price of Southern gas = 15 while the shadow price of Northwest gas = 17. Thus the company should use southern gas for additional capacity to reduce the total cost 6. Given, Aggie Power generation has three power generation plants and can supplies to the 10 cities. The demand of each city is given and the distribution cost from the plant to the city is given. The company wants to minimize the distribution cost. Let X1L, X2L,., X10L be the units supplied from Los Angeles to the Seattle, Portland . and Durango respectively. X1T, X2T,., X10T be the units supplied from Los Angeles to the Seattle, Portland . and Durango respectively. And X1S, X2S,., X10S be the units supplied from Los Angeles to the Seattle, Portland . and Durango respectively. Objective Min 356.25 * X1L + 356.25 * X2L +. + 356.25 * X10L + 593.75 * X1T + 593.75 * X2T + . + 593.75 * X10T + 950 * X1T + 831.25 * X2T + . + 1543.75 * X10T Constraint: Seattle: X1L + X1T + X1S = 950 Portland: X2L + X2T + X2S = 831.25 San Francisco: X3L + X3T + X3S = 2375 Boise: X4L + X4T + X4S = 593.75 Reno: X5L + X5T + X5S = 950 Bozeman: X6L + X6T + X6S = 593.75 Laramie: X7L + X7T + X7S = 1187.50 Park City: X8L + X8T + X8S = 712.50 Flagstaff: X9L + X9T + X9S = 1187.50 Durango: X10L + X10T + X10S = 1543.75 X1L, X2L,., X10L, X1T, X2T,., X10T, X1S, X2S,., X10S = 0 (Pollington) Solving the linear program in excel, we get, City Los Angeles Tulsa Seattle Seattle 0 0 950 Portland 0 0 831.25 San Francisco 2375 0 0 Boise 0 0 593.75 Reno 950 0 0 Bozeman 0 0 593.75 Laramie 1187.5 0 0 Park City 712.5 0 0 Flagstaff 1187.5 0 0 Durango 0 1543.75 0 Thus Los Angeles will supply to San Francisco, Reno, Laramie, Park City and Flagstaff Tulsa will supply to Durango and Seattle will supply to Seattle, Portland, Boise and Bozeman. Total cost = $ 2552423.19 B Additional Constraints: Los Angeles: X1L + X2L + .+ X10L = 4000 Tulsa: X1T + X2T + .+ X10T = 4000 Seattle: X1S + X2S + .+ X10S = 4000 (Pollington) Thus solving the linear program in excel, we get, City Los Angeles Tulsa Seattle Seattle 0 0 950 Portland 0 0 831.25 San Francisco 2375 0 0 Boise 0 0 593.75 Reno 437.5 0 512.5 Bozeman 0 0 593.75 Laramie 0 668.75 518.75 Park City 0 712.5 0 Flagstaff 1187.5 0 0 Durango 0 1543.75 0 Thus Los Angeles will supply to San Francisco, Reno, and Flagstaff Tulsa will supply to Laramie, Park City and Durango and Seattle will supply to Seattle, Portland, Boise and Bozeman. Total cost = $ 2652992.24 Increased cost = 2652992 - 2552423.19 = 100569.75 References Vanderbei, R. (2005). Linear Programming. Publication: Springer. Solow,D. (2014). Linear Programming: An Introduction to Finite Improvement Algorithms. Publication: Dover. Ferguson, T. (2011). Linear Programming. Retrieved on Aug 13, 2016 from https://www.math.ucla.edu/~tom/LP.pdf Excel Easy. (2010). Solver. Retrieved on Aug 13, 2016 from https://www.excel-easy.com/data-analysis/solver.html Pollington, B.(n.d.). Using Excel to solve linear programming problems. Retrieved on Aug 13, 2016 from https://www.msubillings.edu/asc/resources/math/tutorials/finitemathhelps/Lin%20Prog%20with%20Excel.pdf